- the first winter
- young Irish family living in new world in its first winter.
- mother dies of illness and leaves the oldest daughter to watch the house.
- father is off working in a lumber yard .
- father returns in spring .
- father says final goodbyes.
Tuesday 26 November 2013
the first winter
Tuesday 19 November 2013
dossier 4 blog
economy and development :
until the 19th century Canadian economy relied on timber agriculture and fishing.
primary sector flourished after the second world war when farming became mechanized.
secondary sector became industrialized to the point of factories to create trains for the railroad.
ore processing plants and transportation material.
the development of hydroelectricity was the key industry in Canada at the time.
tertiary sector jobs in the fields of finance and administration were prosperous and grew.
did not offer the best salaries than in the other sectors.
these jobs required fewer qualifications meaning unskilled workers.
concentration of capital:
it had become survival of the fittest with all the small companies soon going out of business except for a few.
this was also the case for banks.
economic cycles:
Canada experienced periods of growth and recession.
experienced growth at the beginning of the 20th century.
after war was declared in 1939 Canada experienced economic growth.
Europe promised full employment.
after 1973 the energy consumption increased and with it the price of oil.
after the war the employment rate was high
the baby boom brought economic stimulation along with the citizens who had accumulated savings.
Government economic policies:
before the 1930"s the state rarely intervened.
l'office de credit agricloe in 1934
1945-establishment of unemployment insurance and family allowances.
the state intervened during the quiet revolution in the 1960's creating at least a dozen public institutions.
Work relations:
industrialization created the working class as a social status.
establishment of NAFTA (north american free trade agreement)
until 1872 workers unions were illegal however they were still formed due to unbearable working conditions.
in 1885 Quebec adopted the provincial manufacturing law which limited the hours of work per week.
(60 hours for women and 72.5 hours for men)
(14 years old to start work for girls and 12 years old for boys)
education later became the one most needed requirement for work in any field doing anything.
until the 19th century Canadian economy relied on timber agriculture and fishing.
primary sector flourished after the second world war when farming became mechanized.
secondary sector became industrialized to the point of factories to create trains for the railroad.
ore processing plants and transportation material.
the development of hydroelectricity was the key industry in Canada at the time.
tertiary sector jobs in the fields of finance and administration were prosperous and grew.
did not offer the best salaries than in the other sectors.
these jobs required fewer qualifications meaning unskilled workers.
concentration of capital:
it had become survival of the fittest with all the small companies soon going out of business except for a few.
this was also the case for banks.
economic cycles:
Canada experienced periods of growth and recession.
experienced growth at the beginning of the 20th century.
after war was declared in 1939 Canada experienced economic growth.
Europe promised full employment.
after 1973 the energy consumption increased and with it the price of oil.
after the war the employment rate was high
the baby boom brought economic stimulation along with the citizens who had accumulated savings.
Government economic policies:
before the 1930"s the state rarely intervened.
l'office de credit agricloe in 1934
1945-establishment of unemployment insurance and family allowances.
the state intervened during the quiet revolution in the 1960's creating at least a dozen public institutions.
Work relations:
industrialization created the working class as a social status.
establishment of NAFTA (north american free trade agreement)
until 1872 workers unions were illegal however they were still formed due to unbearable working conditions.
in 1885 Quebec adopted the provincial manufacturing law which limited the hours of work per week.
(60 hours for women and 72.5 hours for men)
(14 years old to start work for girls and 12 years old for boys)
education later became the one most needed requirement for work in any field doing anything.
Monday 11 November 2013
Economy and Development of British Rule
the decline of fur economy
after the french lost the war with the British, Scottish English and american merchants settled in Montreal to practice the fur trade.
they replaced the french merchants because they could not compete with them.
hired french coureurs des bois who knew the land well and the Amerindians as well.
united states created in 1783.
the Hudson bay company bought out all of its competition.
the northwest company was the only competition to the Hudson bay company.
the companies merged in 1821 after years of competition
after 1821 the fur trade was no longer in Montreal but based in Hudson's bay
expansion of the timber economy
in the 18th century great brittain obtained its wood from northern europe.
in 1806 however the french emperor Napoleon imposed a blockade forcing brittan to obtain its wood from canada. boats in port per year went from 100 in 1797 to 661 in 1810.
this led to the colonization of new regions such as outaouais, saguenay lac st jean , and the mauricie.
the transformation of agriculture
at the begining of the 19 th century brittain was no longer able to produce a sufficient ammount of food in order to feed its population.
from then on it began to buy more food stuffs from canada.
the begining of industrialization
jobs now required more skill and more education.
less educated peoples were recruited for menial labour.
montreals population grew rapidly because of the developing industries in the city such as real-estate
economic policies
great brittain adopted a protectionist policy towards canada imposing duties and customs on wood comming from europe.
in 1854 great brittain singed the treaty of reciprocity in favour of canada and established a free trade agreement.
after the french lost the war with the British, Scottish English and american merchants settled in Montreal to practice the fur trade.
they replaced the french merchants because they could not compete with them.
hired french coureurs des bois who knew the land well and the Amerindians as well.
united states created in 1783.
the Hudson bay company bought out all of its competition.
the northwest company was the only competition to the Hudson bay company.
the companies merged in 1821 after years of competition
after 1821 the fur trade was no longer in Montreal but based in Hudson's bay
expansion of the timber economy
in the 18th century great brittain obtained its wood from northern europe.
in 1806 however the french emperor Napoleon imposed a blockade forcing brittan to obtain its wood from canada. boats in port per year went from 100 in 1797 to 661 in 1810.
this led to the colonization of new regions such as outaouais, saguenay lac st jean , and the mauricie.
the transformation of agriculture
at the begining of the 19 th century brittain was no longer able to produce a sufficient ammount of food in order to feed its population.
from then on it began to buy more food stuffs from canada.
the begining of industrialization
jobs now required more skill and more education.
less educated peoples were recruited for menial labour.
montreals population grew rapidly because of the developing industries in the city such as real-estate
economic policies
great brittain adopted a protectionist policy towards canada imposing duties and customs on wood comming from europe.
in 1854 great brittain singed the treaty of reciprocity in favour of canada and established a free trade agreement.
Tuesday 5 November 2013
Economy and development of New France-
The economy of Fur
beaver pelts were the highest form of currency
they were used to make hats and coats
often traded for 5 furs at a time
the kings tariffs took 25 % of the profit
once traded 20 knives for 5 furs
The Company System
three companies were attempted in the great lakes region all failed and were replaced
the hudson bay company is still alive today
the companies were tasked with populating the colony
later they were in charge of fur trade with the natives
the hudson bay company was the most prosperous.
the hudson bay company
still thriving today it is one of the only remaining enterprises from the age of colonization
present in many different forms of the market present today
the hudson bay company is still profitable today
it was given complete control over the colony and its citizens and imports and exports
Expansion of the territory
in the much later years of the colony's development a railroad was built in order to create a mode of transportation to the further provinces including bc and manitoba
The beaver crisis
once the king's tax was implemented on furs the traders normally bought in groups of 5 furs
having difficulty transporting the furs the french established a town in new brunswick in order to have the furs last the trip to europe.
The economy of New France before 1663
the economy was bassed solely on furs and agriculture and also partially on the creation of goods from craftsmen in the settlement of montreal.
Agriculture
agriculture ranged from tabbaco to tomatoes to other medicinal herbs and spices that they were taught about by the natives. agriculture included clearing forests and using the wood to build new houses or goods that would be shipped to europe.
Attempts to diversify the economy
in an attempt to diversify the economy the king allowed the irish and other eastern european peoples to migrate to canada.
The currency
after the french government lost their influence and control over the colony and economy the new british government adapted the new colony to their economy , to pounds.
Obstacles to diversification
an obstacle to the diversification of the colony was the fact that quebec had separated into 2 parts upper and lower canada each with their own population whether it be loyalists or rebels.
many failed attempts at merging the 2 the rebels eventually fell and the loyalists took control of the colony .
beaver pelts were the highest form of currency
they were used to make hats and coats
often traded for 5 furs at a time
the kings tariffs took 25 % of the profit
once traded 20 knives for 5 furs
The Company System
three companies were attempted in the great lakes region all failed and were replaced
the hudson bay company is still alive today
the companies were tasked with populating the colony
later they were in charge of fur trade with the natives
the hudson bay company was the most prosperous.
the hudson bay company
still thriving today it is one of the only remaining enterprises from the age of colonization
present in many different forms of the market present today
the hudson bay company is still profitable today
it was given complete control over the colony and its citizens and imports and exports
Expansion of the territory
in the much later years of the colony's development a railroad was built in order to create a mode of transportation to the further provinces including bc and manitoba
The beaver crisis
once the king's tax was implemented on furs the traders normally bought in groups of 5 furs
having difficulty transporting the furs the french established a town in new brunswick in order to have the furs last the trip to europe.
The economy of New France before 1663
the economy was bassed solely on furs and agriculture and also partially on the creation of goods from craftsmen in the settlement of montreal.
Agriculture
agriculture ranged from tabbaco to tomatoes to other medicinal herbs and spices that they were taught about by the natives. agriculture included clearing forests and using the wood to build new houses or goods that would be shipped to europe.
Attempts to diversify the economy
in an attempt to diversify the economy the king allowed the irish and other eastern european peoples to migrate to canada.
The currency
after the french government lost their influence and control over the colony and economy the new british government adapted the new colony to their economy , to pounds.
Obstacles to diversification
an obstacle to the diversification of the colony was the fact that quebec had separated into 2 parts upper and lower canada each with their own population whether it be loyalists or rebels.
many failed attempts at merging the 2 the rebels eventually fell and the loyalists took control of the colony .
Wednesday 30 October 2013
Economy and Settlement: In Context
Geographic Distribution of Economic Activities
- The Role of Business
to stimulate the economy and provide jobs to civilians in order to provide the country with goods and services.
- The Importance of Exports
exports allow us to acquire materials that would normally be expensive or difficult to retrieve in our country.they also allow us to form political and military alliances with other countries.
- Exporting Issues
conflict in foreign countries can cause difficulties in exporting goods , this includes storms that wash away ships and cargo and pirates.
- Employment and unemployment
quebec has the lowest employment rate in the country and is doing little to create more jobs for immigrants or increase the population.
Population Since Confederation 1 additional information
french Canadian emigration :
between 1870 and 1930 the emigration of french Canadians continued , they became farmers in Ontario or settled in the provinces of Manitoba or Saskatchewan.these areas were easier to access due to the recently completed railway that spanned Canada and went from Quebec to British Columbia. departures outnumbered arrivals, in some years roughly 10% of the population left the province. some even left to new England hoping to still retain their culture and language but they did not succeed and were assimilated within a few years. some returned in 1920 but had already adapted to another way of life either in new England or the provinces further west.
immigration diversification:
in the birth year of the Canadian federation,1876, the federal government suggested policies to either restrict or stimulate immigration.most of the immigrants came from either England or eastern Europe.after ww2 Canadian prime minister William Lyon re-opened immigration to allow for continued economic growth because the immigrants worked and payed taxes stimulating the economy.
between 1870 and 1930 the emigration of french Canadians continued , they became farmers in Ontario or settled in the provinces of Manitoba or Saskatchewan.these areas were easier to access due to the recently completed railway that spanned Canada and went from Quebec to British Columbia. departures outnumbered arrivals, in some years roughly 10% of the population left the province. some even left to new England hoping to still retain their culture and language but they did not succeed and were assimilated within a few years. some returned in 1920 but had already adapted to another way of life either in new England or the provinces further west.
immigration diversification:
in the birth year of the Canadian federation,1876, the federal government suggested policies to either restrict or stimulate immigration.most of the immigrants came from either England or eastern Europe.after ww2 Canadian prime minister William Lyon re-opened immigration to allow for continued economic growth because the immigrants worked and payed taxes stimulating the economy.
population and confederation part 1
- french settled along the st laurence river and at the opening of it into the gulf of the st laurence.
- after creating the settlement of Montreal 45 attempted to stay the winter and only 8 survived through to the summer.
- the conflicts with the iroquois led to the majority of the population dieing in defence of the colony.
- the first new habitants were craftsmen and soldiers and also the filles du roi who were needed to sustain the colony.
- birth incentives :
- fine to unmarried men and a tariff paid to them on their wedding day
- payment to families with over 10 or 11 children
- marriage could be for men from the ages of 14 and up and women could be from 12 and up.
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